AI and Machine Learning in Lean Six Sigma: A Comprehensive Review of the Future of Process Excellence

The present review addresses how it can be possible to make Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) an integral element of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) and evaluate the influence that the combination of the two can have on the contemporary process improvement. Traditional LSS can be improved by AI and ML to achieve predictive analytics, real-time monitoring, automated decision-making, and more in-depth root cause analysis. The sector has found application in manufacturing, healthcare, logistics, and service sectors; there is a considerable increase in efficiency, quality, and cost reduction. Other challenges raised in the review include data quality, technological complexity and organizational resistance. The trends of the future point to the significance of digitalization, smart automation, and sophisticated analytics, making AI-based LSS one of the drivers of operational excellence.